Retronyms in the Uzbek language and their relationships with neologisms

Nowadays, there is an urgent need to rename words in accordance with the characteristics of the language for new concepts, situations and objects that have arisen as a result of rapidly developing technological, socio-economic and cultural life. This phenomenon, called a neologism, does not bypass any language. As a result, another concept appears in languages – retronyms. Retronyms appear as a mirror of the language changes in societies, because they arise from the need to rename old concepts under the influence of neologisms. The Uzbek language is open to new concepts and words. It is also necessary to pay attention to retronymy, the phenomenon of giving new names to well-known words using the word-formation capabilities of the language under the influence of neologisms.
The concept of retronyms appeared in linguistics at the end of the 20th century, and today it is acknowledged as a kind of renaming system. The term was first used by National Public Radio President Frank Mankiewicz and popularized by William Safire, a prominent New York Times journalist. The concept of a retronym is one of the relatively little-studied issues in world linguistics. Information about retronyms is given only briefly in some English dictionaries. We can also give examples of some scientific works in English, Spanish, Greek, Russian and Turkish linguistics. Almost no attention is paid to this concept in Uzbek linguistics. The article by professor M.Yuldashev “Retronyms in the Uzbek language” is the only source for the study of this unit.
This article deals with retronyms in the Uzbek language, their meanings in our language and speech. Moreover, the researcher considered the emergence of the concept “retronym” and the components of the retronym series, their relationships with neologisms, similar and different aspects of the concepts “neonym” and “neologism”. The author considers the impact of the appearance of a new unit in the language on pre-existing units and the reason for their change. The phenomenon of neologism is necessary for the appearance of a retronym of a word in the language. But any neonym may not retain the sign of neologism. From this point of view, information about the features of these two concepts is presented.