The System of Abstract Names in the Uzbek Language and its Classification

This article classifies abstract nouns in the Uzbek language. It first defines the basis for classification and examines existing experience in global linguistics. Initially, the object of study was divided into abstract nouns, abstract adjectives, and abstract verbs. Words belonging to the category of adjectives are traditionally divided into concrete and abstract. The aim of the study is to examine abstract nouns in the Uzbek language as a system, to identify their semantic content, thereby proving the existence of abstract words not only in the nominative but also in the adjectival series. This study aims to reveal that, at the lexical level of the Uzbek language, abstract nouns represent a large system that expresses the level of national thinking. To achieve this goal, the following tasks are planned: identifying the presence of abstraction in the noun, adjective, and verb categories of the Uzbek language, studying the uniqueness of abstraction in each category, and classifying the identified groups as a specific system. In the classification process, special attention is paid to identifying the composition of the groups selected at each stage and focusing on their semantic features. The research used methods of description, classification, systematic and component analysis of linguistics, and methods of conceptualcognitive analysis. This study proves that abstract adjectives form a separate group based on certain characteristics and have their own internal structure. It has been proven that the identification of adjectives expressing concrete and abstract features as semantic groups of the dictionary at the stages of formation allows for a more complete disclosure of the semantic nature of words belonging to this class. In the Uzbek language, groups of abstract nouns with the meanings “action,” “relation,” “feature,” and “state” have been identified. The factors that determine the levels of abstraction in words in each identified group were studied. The conclusions note that in abstract nouns, in the absence of the archiseme “object,” there are semes such as “action,” “relation,” “attribute,” “state,” and “time.” In the Uzbek language, each of the groups of abstract names with the meanings “feature” and “state” represents a separate system focused on possessing internal content. The scientific foundations of the processes of semantic neutralization in abstract names are summarized.