Specific use of comparative phraseological units in the Spanish and Uzbek languages

The purpose of the article is to ascertain the opinions of foreign and local researchers on comparative phraseological units in world linguistics. The author also analyzes the theoretical perspectives of linguists on comparative phraseology by dividing them into semantic categories. Our research aims to investigate the ways in which comparative phraseological units are used in Spanish and the methods in which they are expressed, as well as the combinatorial semantic relations between components and the structural-semantic models of comparative phraseological units that are most frequently used in Spanish today.
Contextual, component, distributive, and structural-semantic methods were employed in the study to accomplish the objectives and perform the tasks. As a result of the study, the theoretical views of researchers on comparative phraseology in linguistics were divided into semantic groups.
It was defined that comparative phraseology has not developed strict criteria for the identification of phraseological comparisons, which can enable to distinguish them from formally corresponding individual derivatives, and less attention has been paid to consider phraseological comparisons syntagmatically and to study the specific features of their operation in the text.
In phraseological comparisons, proper nouns can also be used as comparatives. Some of them seem to connote a common meaning and, meanwhile, a quality that was once characteristic of historical figures, comic characters of fiction and Greco-Roman legends.
It was observed that the nouns used in phraseological comparisons have a similar semantic nature, and they are considered connotative nouns and are associated with the characteristics of these nouns among the members of the language community. Unlike nouns denoting the phenomena of an object and objective being, the above-mentioned nouns express not only a denotative, but also a significative meaning.