Indirect speech in non-related languages and its comparative analysis

There are two types of an indirect speech in the Uzbek literary language. The first type of an indirect speech is formed syntactically. With this type of an indirect speech, the sentence changes both in form and content. An indirect speech turns into a compound, more precisely, into a compound addition. In accordance with this, a linguistic unit expressing an idea takes the form of a compound expressing a complex concept. The second type of an indirect speech is expressed using morphological means, such as a verb lexeme + -(i)bdi, -adi (-ydi), -gan, -ganekan, -(a)r ekan, -(a)r emish, - sin ekan, etc. While analyzing the morphological means of an indirect speech in a neutral, easily clarifying and emphasizing text, it was found that the meaning of hearing in these means is not the same.
The article reveals the similarity of morphological and syntactic means of expressing an indirect speech in the Uzbek language from the point of view of the possibility of expressing someone else’s speech. The second type of an indirect speech differs from the first one in the absence of a source of the message and the nonuse of speech verbs. An indirect speech in Russian is expressed only with the help of syntactic and lexical means. In German and Uzbek, an indirect speech is expressed both by syntactic and morphological means. Consequently, in the translation of the second (morphological) type of an indirect speech from Uzbek into other languages, one or all of these means are involved. Taking this into account, in this article we will limit ourselves to brief comments on the scientific and practical work carried out at the first stage, referring to available sources. At the second stage, the use of an indirect speech in a literary text will be compared with the Russian and German languages. Examples for analysis are taken from the work of A.Kakhar “Sinchalak” and its Russian and German translations.