Development of the theory of receptive poetics

In the 20th century, science and education evolved together, leading to the creation of several literary theories in Europe and America. The Receptive Poetics Theory emerged in contrast to the New Literal Criticism theory, focusing on the process of reading and the inseparable relationship between the reader and the text.
This article discusses the origins of the reader-response theory and the perspectives of prominent researchers such as L.M. Rosenblatt, I.A. Richards, D.Bleich, S.Fish, N.Holland, and C.S. Lewis. The article explores the idea that the reading process can be divided into several steps, as proposed by the representatives of the theory. According to this perspective, the reader’s attitude towards a work involves a five-step process, which is thoroughly reviewed in the article. The scientific description of the theory is examined using several dictionaries, which maintain that the theory outlines the essence of the reading process.
In this research, the views on reading, the reader, and literary work are analyzed within the context of the scientific ideas of researchers from Uzbekistan, Russia, Europe, and America. Similar to Western literature, in Russia, from the second half of the 20th century, the distinction between real and imaginary readers began to be firmly established on scientific grounds. For example, in the research of V.Prozorova, the term “readerreceiver” is introduced in contrast to “reader-addresser”, where the latter term is considered insignificant. I.D. Tamarchenko not only defines the position of the perceiving subject with the text and the protagonist of the literary work in the basics of literature manual but also emphasizes the concept of the “reader”.
In conclusion, Uzbek scholars have also expressed their controversial opinions on the relationship between the reader and the text. In this respect, the article recognizes the importance of studying the historical and theoretical factors of the theory of reader-response theory.