Morphological and Syntactic Foundations of Translation Teaching

In modern linguistics and translation studies, the translation process is increasingly examined not merely as a final textual product, but as a complex cognitive, communicative, and linguo-methodological activity involving the translator, the author of the source text, and the target audience. In particular, a thorough study of the morphological and syntactic features of language units in the process of teaching translation plays an important role in developing future translators’ grammatical awareness, analytical thinking, and competence in ensuring functional correspondence.
The purpose of this study is to scientifically and theoretically substantiate the interrelation of morphological and syntactic units in teaching translation, their functional characteristics in the translation process, and the possibilities of their effective application in the educational process.
The study sets the tasks of analyzing the translational adaptation of morphological forms, the transformation of syntactic constructions, grammatical equivalence, functional correspondence, and the comparative examination of morphological-syntactic differences between different languages.
Descriptive, comparative, contextual, structural-semantic, and transformational methods of analysis were used in the course of the research. The obtained results show that teaching morphological and syntactic units not separately, but in close interrelation, enhances translators’ ability to understand grammatical units in context, reduces translation errors, and helps preserve the communicative value of the text.
Based on the research findings, word classes, grammatical forms, sentence parts, complex syntactic constructions, transformation methods, and types of translational adaptation actively used in teaching translation were systematized and analyzed through examples.
In conclusion, the systematic study of the morphological-syntactic foundations of teaching translation has significant scientific and practical importance in the process of translator training, as this approach contributes to the improvement of translators’ linguistic competence, text analysis skills, and professional preparedness.